İnsanların tüketim alışkanlığının artması ve teknolojinin gelişmesi ile üreticiler bundan 20 yıl öncesine kıyasla çok daha fazla ürünü çok daha kısa sürede pazara sunmaktadır. Arzdaki bu artışa karşılık talep artışı bu oranda olmayınca pazarda rekabet ortamı oluşması kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Üstelik tüketicilerin bilinç seviyesinin ve duyarlılığının artması ile üreticiler rekabette avantajlı kalabilmek için ürünlerinin beşikten mezara tüm süreçlerine hakim olmak durumunda kalmıştır.
Özellikle son yıllarda artan çevre bilinci ile tüketiciler daha çevreci ürünleri tercih eder duruma gelmiştir. Bu beklentiye cevap vermek isteyen üreticiler ürünlerini “yeşil” yapabilmek için ürün yaşam döngüsü boyunca tüm adımlarını çevreye duyarlı hale getirmek zorundadır. Bu döngünün ilk basamağı satınalma ve tedarikçi seçimidir.
Yeşil satınalma, bir ürünün hammaddesine, bu hammaddenin nereden geldiğine, kim tarafından üretildiğine ve nihai ürünün nasıl bertaraf edileceğine hakim olmayı gerektirir. Bir ürünün çevre etkilerini azaltmak için üretimde kullanılan hammadde, enerji, su gibi kaynakların azaltılması, çevreci üretim süreçlerinin tasarlanması, ambalaj malzemelerinin ve taşıma yöntemlerinin daha çevreci olanlar ile değiştirilmesi, yeniden kullanım gibi iyileştirmeler yapılması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca üretimde kullanılacak hammadde girdisi için de uygun tedarikçinin seçimi ayrıca önem kazanmaktadır.
Yapılan bu çalışma ile son yıllarda hem akademik çevrelerde hem de endüstride dikkat çeken yeşil satınalma ve yeşil tedarikçi seçimi konuları detaylıca incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde çevre kavramı ve çevre sorunları üzerinden durulmuş; çevreci yaklaşımların gelişimleri ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiştir. Çevre ile ilgili farklı coğrafyalarda geçerli olan yasal düzenlemeler, standartlar, direktifler ve akademik araştırmaların ortak bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan yeşil tedarik zinciri alt disiplinleri ile birlikte incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde yeşil tedarik zincirinin en önemli alt disiplinlerinden biri olan yeşil satınalma ve yeşil tedarikçi seçimi konularında 1995- 2015 yılları arasındaki akademik çalışmalar, sektör raporları ve sivil toplum örgütlerinin çalışmaları derlenmiş ve detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bu incelemeler sonucunda yeşil tedarikçi seçimi için bir karar verme modeli önerilmiş ve bir yazılım yardımıyla bir beyaz eşya üreticisinin yeşil tedarikçi seçimi için uygulama yapılmıştır.

The last decade has seen a huge increase in the perceived importance of energy efficiency and the sustainable use of global energy resources. This is due to the significant and numerous benefits associated with the reduction a country’s dependence on costly foreign energy resources. In addition, there has been an increasing awareness of environmental problems and the various issues associated with them. To deal with these concerns, countries have started to take actions and set ambitious energy efficiency targets. The terms “energy, energy efficiency, energy intensity” are now frequently mentioned across many sectors and have been for the last ten years. Energy efficiency is a concept which is completely all encompassing and which horizontally cuts through key national strategic targets such as providing secure and sustainable energy supplies, decreasing the risks due to and associated with import dependence, making the energy costs sustainable, increasing efficacy of climate change reduction strategies and protecting the environment both in the long and short term. Nowadays, the importance of sustainable development is increasingly understood and as a consequence of this heightened sense of collective responsibility the value of the efforts directed to energy efficiency increases accordingly at the same rate. In this framework; enhancing energy efficiency, preventing unconscious usage and dissipation, decreasing energy density either in a sector base or at a macro level are preferential and important components of our national energy policy in all the stages from energy production and transmission to the final consumption. In the light of the extracted lessons concluded from the evaluated activities executed in the context of energy efficiency we have to take a step back and carefully consider the correct strategies with which to invest time, money and effort. The numerous and complex difficulties encountered in different application points and global affinities in the energy sector make it abundantly apparent that it is now imperative to prepare the road map of Turkish energy efficiency. This road map to energy efficiency must be developed with a strategic and dynamic point of view that is informed by sound research and not by political bias or knee jerk emotionally fuelled reactions if we are to avoid the difficulties and problems previously encountered by other countries attempting to do the same. Turkey aims to reduce its energy intensity by the significant amount of 20% by the year 2023 under the “Energy Efficiency Strategy Paper”. In order to accomplish this target, the country plans to use energy more effectively in various industries and develop financial mechanisms for energy efficiency. This strategic document has been prepared for implementation with a collaboration and a participatory approach of public sector and private sector entities and NGOs. In addition, a political support structure that is result oriented and guided by concrete targets will be in place to determine necessary actions to be made for reaching these targets and also describing the responsibilities of the entities undertaken during this multi-faceted and complex process. It is proposed to have close collaboration between the public entities and NGOs. These will be dually responsible for the realizations of the activities described in this document and the application of the measures and evaluation of the results. The subjected coordination will be provided by the General Directorate of Renewable Energy in the name of Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. “Energy Efficiency In the Buildings” is one of the most influential and important areas related to total energy efficiency. Also in Turkey as the others; a large portion of the buildings means residential homes. Therefore, energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important in our country. A country where energy costs are high and laws and regulations are formed. Thereby, volunteers’ applications, public awareness activities and measurement of energy efficiency are principal starting points on our journey to increase energy efficiency in Turkey. Therefore, the Ministries of Energy and Natural Resources, Housing and Public Works have prepared the “Energy Efficiency Law” and the closely related “Energy Performance of Buildings Regulation” to study and address the problems mentioned above. The general purpose of this law is to increase efficiency when using energy sources and energy. In other words, to use energy more effectively. This includes avoiding waste, easing the burden of energy costs on the economy and protecting the environment. This law covers principles and procedures applicable to increasing and promoting energy efficiency in energy generation, transmission, distribution and consumption phases at industrial establishments, buildings, power generation plants, transmission and distribution networks and transport. The law also includes raising energy awareness in the general public, and utilizing renewable energy sources. Outside the scope of this Law are those buildings which would have to change characteristics or appearances at an unacceptable level upon the implementation of measures for increasing energy efficiency, are used for operation and production activities in the industrial areas, are used as worship places, have less than two years of scheduled period of utilization, are used less than 4 months in a year, have less than fifty square meters of usable area, those buildings or monuments under protection, agricultural buildings and workshops. As to the legal basis; measuring the energy efficiency of buildings-residential houses and then labeling and categorizing them should be major steps. To this end an “Energy Identity License” is to be prepared for labeling the buildings. It is felt that to use this “energy efficiency label” would be a proper and acceptable scale for all the institutions to uphold energy efficiency. Due to the environmental problems arising from global warming, ways to decrease carbon dioxide emissions are becoming ever more important. According to various studies, buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of overall CO2 emissions in the world. Due to this fact, green building certification systems that aim to reduce the carbon emissions of the buildings and the negative impact of building construction on the environment are being developed worldwide. Green building assessment systems have been a hot topic in the Turkish building market for some years now. Currently, Turkey does not have a green building assessment system and building owners prefer to have their buildings assessed using well-known foreign systems. Increasing knowledge of these systems contributed to the awareness of the need for a local green building system, which some agency and institutes have been working on. Countries, when forming their own system, usually take advantage of the expertise of experienced systems such as BREEAM or LEED. The majority of the green building councils prefer the adaptation of these systems. In our country, the plan is to create a national green building assessment system by adapting BREEAM or LEED for Turkey. This study is built up on the green buildings concept and green building’s certification systems. In the light of the findings of the study, I will make certain recommendations and suggest a local certification system in our country. The first part is the introduction of the thesis, “Energy Efficiency” in terms of how it can be explained and understood both in a global and local context. It will include accounts and critical analysis of relevant attempts in the world and in Turkey that have been made and being are made to address the subject of energy efficiency. The Energy perspective and Energy potential of Turkey were detailed by numbers, the importance of energy efficiency in buildings was paid attention to and the purpose of the thesis put forth. In the second chapter, the concept of “Sustainability” is explained. Moreover, “High Performance Buildings” which integrate the concept are defined. In comparison with traditional building green buildings, the term “Green Building” is explained in detail. In the third chapter, independently from countries and institutions, With “Green Building” comes to mind and in order to make one building green, having to be applied the most important of the criteria are summarized. In the fourth chapter, the concept of sustainability is addressed, specifically the materials that to have to be used in green building and the relevant standards with using these materials has been mentioned. For internationally recognized materials, summarizing the most commonly used standards and certificates have been detailed. In the fifth chapter, in order to compare the costs of a green building certification system with its benefit to buildings, the importance of the green building certification is drawn attention to and highlighted by comparing the cost and quality of life from the pre-made designs to usage of the building. In the sixth chapter, “World Green Building Council” and members of this council, which are founded for sustainable green building work and aims at recognizing and widening the importance of the subject are listed and information is given regarding the most important. In the seventh chapter, the assessment method of green buildings, the evaluation criteria and recognized certification system in the world have been summarized. In the eighth chapter, the most commonly used in the Green Building Certification Systems BREEAM from the UK and LEED from the USA certification system are going to be explained in detail and compared. In the last chapter, the status of the Green Building Certification Systems in our country and the implementation and the adaptation of a local system is considered before the positive and negative aspects of BREEAM and LEED are put forth, discussed and assessed.

Global warming, pollution and the rapid consumption of natural resources, together with the concept of sustainability made environmentally friendly green building design and construction number one agenda item for the industry stakeholders.. Sustainable building design is actually not a new approach. Design approaches devised in order to take maximum advantage of natural energy sources are also frequently encountered in conventional applications. On together with the expansion of green building approaches, certification systems have developed in order to measure and classify the environmental impact of certain standards related to sustainable buildings by developed countries. In this thesis work, primarily focuses on sustainability and green building concepts, examined green building certification systems and green building certification systems used in our country are investigated. UK originated BREEAM and US originated LEED certification system of green building certification systems became widespread at the international level. According to investigations in this study, the most commonly used in our country is the LEED certification system and the demand for LEED certification system it has been found to increase rapidly today. In this study, intended to create a guiding source for green building design process and in order to demonstrate an effective design process LEED certification system model is used as a tool. In the third part of the thesis, the LEED certification system which is the final version of the revised continuously developed and updated in 2014 after a 5 year period, LEED V4 certification system have been examined. xxii This section LEED V4 certification system provides information about types, LEED V4 BD+C (design & construction) has focused on evaluation categories for new buildings in the system and credit to be taken into account at the design stage and score weights are determined. The fourth section focuses on green building design requirements. In this section firstly, passive ventilation and natural lighting should be considered in green building design strategies were announced. After that the LEED V4 for new construction BD&C design lending requirements summarized and LEED certification system strategies has been identified to be followed in the design process. In the next chapter, for the aim of assessing the design process of LEED applications in our country, two sample projects that received LEED Gold certificate in the new building category and the one project that is candidate of LEED Gold certification in core & shell category are examined. Then interpretation of the designer of projects about the LEED certification and design process has received. As a result of the samples analyzed and the interpretations of the designer, importance of the LEED natural ventilation and lighting system has emphasized in order to LEED certification decision to be given at the beginning of the project design process and meet the requirements of LEED certification. The nature of the multidisciplinary design process that increases the workload on the designers and has been found to extend the design process if not planned well. The scope of the integrated design approach with the LEED certification process for green building design process is intensive and systematic work. This process is an interdisciplinary process that must be managed well. Thus, in the last part of the thesis, the LEED certification process was defined and the green building design process model was created based on the project stage. If the target is receiving LEED certification for a project, this decision should be taken before the start of the project to achieve an effective result and the project should be developed taking into account the requirements of sustainable design. In order to have an efficient LEED design process, the registration of the project in LEED system in the initial design phase of the project is important. xxiii In conculusion, by analyzing the natural data and having maximum benefit from natural resources that should be aimed for heating, cooling and lighting systems at the beginning of the design process. Also, in order to meet the targeted LEED credit requirements natural sources may be supported by mechanical systems. One of the most important issues in the LEED certification process is also integrated process management. In this context, at the beginning and in the process of the project, regular intervals negotiations about LEED stage and process should be planned such that all disciplines of the project must participate in. In this manner, coordination of the all project team and have been mastered of the entire project team should be ensured. In this way the entire project team will have more efficient project process in terms of both time and cost, as well as a sustainable project will be made more successful. In summary, in this thesis work, primarily focuses on sustainability and green building concepts, examined green building certification systems and green building certification systems used in our country are investigated. The most commonly used in our country as the LEED certification system and the demand for LEED certification system it has been found to increase rapidly today. So that in this study, intended to create a guiding source for green building design process and in order to demonstrate an effective design process, LEED certification system model is used as a tool. Importance of the LEED natural ventilation and lighting system has emphasized, in order to LEED certification decision to be given at the beginning of the project design process and meet the requirements of LEED certification. Finally, the LEED certification process was defined and the green building design process model was created based on the project stage by taking in to consideration LEED design requirements and passive climatization techniques.